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HERODOTUS1 In the second part of the Geography, he provided the necessary topographic lists, and captions for the maps. This paper, the fourth in the series, analyses the west coast of Libya (our Africa), in a similar manner to the afore-mentioned papers, by aligning the map plots, geographical and Ptolemaic at a single point, Sacrum Promontory, and also to a single scale. A full analysis of the Saxton Map sans bordure indicates that it is drawn to a Ptolemaic projection using a graticule of 11:20 ratio.
8) Claudius Ptolemy (please note there are at least 10 basic versions of the text) The immediate point to be made from this text is that from Prasum Promontory, Menuthias Island lies close by in the direction of the summer rising sun, which is at this latitude, c150 south, approx N650E, i.e. Claudius Ptolemy was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer and astrologer who wrote several scientific treatises, three of which were of importance to later Byzantine, Islamic and Western European science. Londo-New York: Routledge. The maps in surviving manuscripts of Ptolemy's Geography, however, only date from about 1300, after the text was rediscovered by Maximus Planudes. The rays were sensitive, and conveyed information back to the observer's intellect about the distance and orientation of surfaces. This is an obvious error, and both MT/CP have mis-understood the survey details given. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2006. He held an extramission-intromission theory of vision: the rays (or flux) from the eye formed a cone, the vertex being within the eye, and the base defining the visual field. He offered an obscure explanation of the sun or moon illusion (the enlarged apparent size on the horizon) based on the difficulty of looking upwards.[47][48]. Latitude was measured from the equator, as it is today, but Ptolemy preferred[33] to express it as climata, the length of the longest day rather than degrees of arc: the length of the midsummer day increases from 12h to 24h as one goes from the equator to the polar circle. Thus the 115 parts cannot be a division of the Equator but a measure of the radius expanded from the equator to a nebulous pole, which is easily explained. The river Nile measurements and the breadth of the oikoumene’. It is, indeed, presented as the second part of the study of astronomy of which the Almagest was the first, concerned with the influences of the celestial bodies in the sublunary sphere. (19780, Recherches sur l’activité des Méditerranéens aux confines de l’Afrique (Collection de l’Ecole Française de Rome, 38). Factual or Mis-quoted: An investigation.
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